ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the prevalence of Kidd antigens among pregnant women in Sokoto, North Western Nigeria.@*METHODS@#One hundred and sixty two pregnant women aged 18-45 years [mean age (27.19±4.72) years] attending antenatal clinic in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, were screened for the presence of Kidd blood group antigens using the conventional tube method and anti-Jka and Jkb reagents (Lorne Laboratories, UK).@*RESULTS@#Out of the 162 pregnant women tested, 82 (50.6%) were Hausa, 26 (16%) were Igbo, 23 (14.2%) were Fulani and 20 (12.3%) were Yoruba while the minority ethnic groups were 11 (6.8%). The distribution of Kidd antigen was compared based on the ethnic groups of subjects. Jka antigen was the highest among the Yoruba ethnic group (10.0%) followed by the Hausa ethnic group (7.31%). The prevalence of Jkb was highest among Hausa subjects (10.97%) followed by the Yoruba ethnic group (10.0%). Subjects were categorized based on parity. Majority of the subjects were multigravidae, 122 (75.3%) compared to primigravidae 40 (24.7%). Subjects were stratified based on trimester. A significant number of women were in the second trimester, 111 (68.5%) compared to the third trimester 38 (23.5%) and the first 13 (8.0%). The distribution of Kidd antigens among subjects studied indicated a prevalence of Jka, Jkb and Jk(a+b+) with 8 (4.9%), 13 (8.0%) and 0 (0.0%), respectively. A significant number of subject tested were negative for Kidd antigens. Of the 162 pregnant women tested, 154 (95.1%), 149 (75.3%) and 141 (87.04%) tested were negative for Jka, Jkb, and Jk(a-b-), respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#This study indicates that blood group antigens can be distributed differently within different nationalities. Kidd phenotypes observed among pregnant women in this study was similar to previous reports among blacks but at variance with report among Caucasians and Asians. We recommend that detailed routine phenotyping for all clinically significant red cell antigen including Kidd antigen being carried out routinely among all pregnant women in Nigeria. There is also the need to routinely screen all pregnant women for alloantibodies to facilitate the selection of antigen negative units for those with clinically significant alloantibodies who require a red cell transfusion. This can potentially optimise the obstetric management of haemolytic disease of foetus and newborn and prevent haemolytic transfusion reaction among pregnant women.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of Kidd antigens among pregnant women in Sokoto, North Western Nigeria. Methods: One hundred and sixty two pregnant women aged 18-45 years [mean age (27.19±4.72) years] attending antenatal clinic in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, were screened for the presence of Kidd blood group antigens using the conventional tube method and anti-Jka and Jkb reagents (Lorne Laboratories, UK). Results: Out of the 162 pregnant women tested, 82 (50.6%) were Hausa, 26 (16%) were Igbo, 23 (14.2%) were Fulani and 20 (12.3%) were Yoruba while the minority ethnic groups were 11 (6.8%). The distribution of Kidd antigen was compared based on the ethnic groups of subjects. Jka antigen was the highest among the Yoruba ethnic group (10.0%) followed by the Hausa ethnic group (7.31%). The prevalence of Jkb was highest among Hausa subjects (10.97%) followed by the Yoruba ethnic group (10.0%). Subjects were categorized based on parity. Majority of the subjects were multigravidae, 122 (75.3%) compared to primigravidae 40 (24.7%). Subjects were stratified based on trimester. A significant number of women were in the second trimester, 111 (68.5%) compared to the third trimester 38 (23.5%) and the first 13 (8.0%). The distribution of Kidd antigens among subjects studied indicated a prevalence of Jka, Jkb and Jk(a+b+) with 8 (4.9%), 13 (8.0%) and 0 (0.0%), respectively. A significant number of subject tested were negative for Kidd antigens. Of the 162 pregnant women tested, 154 (95.1%), 149 (75.3%) and 141 (87.04%) tested were negative for Jka, Jkb, and Jk(a-b-), respectively. Conclusions: This study indicates that blood group antigens can be distributed differently within different nationalities. Kidd phenotypes observed among pregnant women in this study was similar to previous reports among blacks but at variance with report among Caucasians and Asians. We recommend that detailed routine phenotyping for all clinically significant red cell antigen including Kidd antigen being carried out routinely among all pregnant women in Nigeria. There is also the need to routinely screen all pregnant women for alloantibodies to facilitate the selection of antigen negative units for those with clinically significant alloantibodies who require a red cell transfusion. This can potentially optimise the obstetric management of haemolytic disease of foetus and newborn and prevent haemolytic transfusion reaction among pregnant women.
ABSTRACT
Background: Breech delivery is a major issue in obstetric practice mainly because of the high perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with it. The aims of the study are to determine the prevalence management and perinatal outcome of singleton breech deliveries in our center. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study involving 395 singleton breech deliveries out of 24;160 deliveries conducted at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto; Sokoto; over a 10-year (2001-2010) period. Results: The prevalence rate of singleton breech delivery was 1.7. Breech deliveries occurred more in the primigravidae. Most babies (69.1) had vaginal delivery. There was a high caesarean section (CS) rate of 30.9. Babies delivered by CS had better Apgar scores than those delivered through the vagina (P 0.05). The perinatal mortality rate in breech deliveries (410/1000) was significantly higher than that (101.5/10000) in their cephalic counterparts (P 0.05). Similarly; perinatal deaths were more common in unbooked than in booked patients (P 0.05). Conclusion: Breech delivery was frequent in the study population. Singleton breech delivered by CS had better outcome than those who were delivered through the vagina
Subject(s)
Morbidity , Natural Childbirth , Patients , Perinatal Mortality , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Background: Breech delivery is a major issue in obstetric practice mainly because of the high perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with it. The aims of the study are to determine the prevalence management and perinatal outcome of singleton breech deliveries in our center. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study involving 395 singleton breech deliveries out of 24;160 deliveries conducted at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto; Sokoto; over a 10-year (2001-2010) period. Results: The prevalence rate of singleton breech delivery was 1.7. Breech deliveries occurred more in the primigravidae. Most babies (69.1) had vaginal delivery. There was a high caesarean section (CS) rate of 30.9. Babies delivered by CS had better Apgar scores than those delivered through the vagina (P 0.05). The perinatal mortality rate in breech deliveries (410/1000) was significantly higher than that (101.5/10000) in their cephalic counterparts (P 0.05). Similarly; perinatal deaths were more common in unbooked than in booked patients (P 0.05). Conclusion: Breech delivery was frequent in the study population. Singleton breech delivered by CS had better outcome than those who were delivered through the vagina